What to pay attention to the first time to do hemodialysis? Do these 8 details, or you can get twice the result with half the effort

 Hemodialysis is one of the common treatments for uremia or chronic renal failure, using a dialyzer to replace kidney function, remove metabolic waste and excess water from the body, and maintain acid-base and water-electrolyte balance. However, some people refuse dialysis due to fear and dread. In order to be able to prevent complications caused by the first hemodialysis, good preparation is needed.

What do people on hemodialysis need to know for the first time?

1、Understand the necessity of hemodialysis

Uremic patients have partial or complete loss of kidney function, little or no urine, and are unable to excrete metabolic waste and excess water from the body in time, which in turn leads to a series of problems. Hemodialysis is to help eliminate excess water and toxins from the body so as to maintain a stable internal environment.

2、Dialysis clothing needs to be changed during dialysis

Blood purification center has high requirements for the environment. All patients and family members entering the blood purification center must change into clean slippers and also put on dialysis clothes.

3. Mastering dialysis time and frequency

Uremic patients must have regular and adequate dialysis, usually three times a week, each time in about 4 hours, or maybe 2~4 times a week, generally need to judge the number of dialysis according to the condition, the first dialysis patient time can not exceed 2~3 hours.

4、Weighing before and after dialysis

Before and after hemodialysis, you must weigh yourself and wear the same weight of clothes for each dialysis session as much as possible, which includes shoes, underwear and accessories. Two or more sets of clothes of the same weight can be prepared so that the net weight can be accurately known. The doctor can set the amount of water to be taken off based on the patient's weight. Either too much or too little dehydration can affect dialysis results or bring about adverse effects.

5. Control the dry weight

Usually after one or two weeks of dialysis treatment, the doctor can measure the dry weight of the patient. Dry weight is the weight when all the excess fluid is removed from the body after dialysis, so it is important to remember and control it.

6. Observe the body for bleeding

If there is blood on your body or if you have just had a tooth pulled, you should tell your doctor at the first opportunity if you bump into it even slightly. After completing dialysis, you need to watch your body for bleeding, such as bleeding from gums and nose, bleeding hemorrhoids and menstrual blood.

7. Control water intake

During hemodialysis, water intake should be strictly controlled, and weight gain should not exceed 3% to 5% of dry weight. Eat less or no thin rice and food with soup, and eat less food with too much potassium, such as mushrooms and grapes, bananas and various kinds of mixed beans. You can eat more eggs, lean meat, milk, fish and poultry containing high quality protein.

8, protect the dialysis access

Dialysis patients must protect the dialysis access well, keep the catheter site dry and clean, and not scratch it with hands. When dressing or undressing, avoid slipping out of the catheter, and observe every day if there is any redness, swelling or pain in the incision, and tell the doctor immediately if there is discomfort. In addition, protect the limb on the side of the fistula, do not lift heavy objects, and do not take blood pressure, blood transfusions or draw blood, and do not wear various jewelry.

Hemodialysis is partly about what the doctor needs to pay attention to and partly about what the patient needs to pay attention to. One of the first things to pay attention to is eating and drinking, which is the most important thing to pay attention to. It is important to know that the kidneys do not work anymore, and we have to rely on the machine to work instead of the kidneys, and the machine will not work as much as we want to when we have kidneys. For example, when you have kidneys, you can drink 1000ml of water to produce 1000ml, and 3000ml of water to produce 3000ml. If you only drink 500ml in the desert, the urine will naturally be reduced, and the urine will be concentrated, and the water in your body will be relatively normal. But kidney failure is different, drink 1000ml to store in the body, drink 2000ml to store in the body, drink 3000ml to store in the body, and then when dialysis hate to grow 4000ml, 5000ml of water, that is a big water bag situation to go to dialysis, dialysis will also be very uncomfortable, so the first thing is to be sure to limit the amount of intake.

In fact, it is not that you can't drink a drop of water, but to limit the balance of in and out, if there is still urine can drink a little more. During the interval between dialysis sessions, do not drink more than 5% of your body weight, which is not 200 times 5%. Because the presence of water in the body will increase the burden on the circulatory system, eventually leading to heart overload, resulting in heart failure. So we should have a concept, kidney failure will not die, but the heart can not replace the bad, so we should know that the first thing we should pay attention to is to drink, followed by eating. Eat this issue is more complex, high potassium can not eat, high phosphorus can not eat, diabetic patients can not eat too sweet, and then high blood lipid patients can not eat too oily.

Diet is also about a balance and moderation, that is, every day on the basis of calories to ensure that each component should be intentional moderation, do not overeat. For example, protein is very strictly limited when we are not on dialysis, but once on dialysis, we still need to have a certain amount of protein to eat, to eat in order to ensure your nutrition, because uremic patients sometimes have a poor appetite, nutrition is a very important thing, can not be malnourished, so protein still has to be eaten, and the ensuing protein eaten after the blood phosphorus may be The only way to maintain this is to use drugs with diet, so there is still a lot to be said about eating.

Warm Tips

You can wash your skin with warm water on the day of dialysis and apply a hot towel to the fistula site for 15 to 20 minutes 24 hours after dialysis. You should also check your fistula daily for murmurs and tremors, and tell your doctor if there are any. For patients with high blood pressure and diabetes, ask your doctor before dialysis if you need to continue with antihypertensive medication, glucose medication or insulin injections.